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Unit 14
本单元教学特色:
1).
过对语法和结构的分析，加上实际的句型练习，增强学生口语的同时，提高学生的语法知识。
2).
把第二部分对话作为重点，通过对话阅读中的具体内容引出相关知识以及语言表达方式。
本单元教学重点：
1)
系统学习直接引语和间接引语的主要知识
2)
如何向他人汇报情况或陈述事实
3) Dialogue
I& II
4) Reading I& II:
1. 教学目的 (Teaching Aims)：
1) Revise some uses of direct
speeches and indirect speeches.
2) To learn how to report sth.
3) Grasp some new words and
expressions to enrich student's
vocabulary.
4) Do some oral work such as
pre-reading questions, role play
and interaction activities to
help to develop the students'
oral communicative abilities.
5) Do some other after-class
exercises including listening
and translation to improve
students' comprehensive skills.
2. 教学内容 (Teaching Contents)：
1) Language structures
2) Language structure practice
3) Dialogue I & Dialogue II
4) Text I &Text II
5) Exercises
3. 时间分配 (Time Allocation)：
1) Language structures &
Practice ( 1 hour )
2) Dialogue I & Dialogue II ( 2
hours )
3) Text I &Text II ( 2 hours )
4) Exercises ( 1 hour )
Teaching Contents
1st session
Language Structure Practice
I. Tips for LSP I:
Asking for and reporting
specific information
1. The introduction of direct
speech and indirect
speech(直接引语和间接引语)
1) 在引语开头用连词that
He said, "Mother, the boy is
naughty."
He told his mother that the boy
was very naughty.
在动词say 后可以不加that
2) 根据意思改变人称
She said, "Your pronunciation is
better than mine."
She said my pronunciation is
better than hers.
3) 引语中的谓语与句子的主要谓语时态应一致
Kitty said, "I'll call again
after supper."
Kitty said that she would call
again after supper.
"Frank, I came to return you the
book," Henry said.
Henry told Frank that he had
come to return him the book.
Mary said, "I'm beginning to
sleep better."
Mary said that she was beginning
to sleep better.
4) 根据意思将指示代词、地点及时间状语作必要的更动：
She said, "I will come here
again tonight.
She said she would go there
again that night.
He said, "I arrived yesterday
morning."
He said he had arrived the
morning before.
She said, "My sister will be
back tomorrow evening."
She said her sister would be
back the following evening.
5) 引用疑问句，引语中语序为陈述句语序
The secretary asked, "What's
your occupation?"
The secretary asked what my
occupation was.
一般疑问句、选择问句或反意疑问句引语前加whether 或 if
而不加that
2. Let students give examples.
3. Listening to the dialogue and
fill the blanks.
1)
A: (What does the table say
about colour TV sets?)
B: It says that in 1991 for
every one hundred households in
shanghai there were 81.2 colour
TV sets (and in 1996 the number
rose to 112.6.)
A: It means that in 1996 for
every one hundred households,
there were over 31 colour TV
sets more than those in 1991.
B: (Yes. And in terms of
percentage,) the table says that
there was an increase of 38.7
percent in 1996 over the figure
for 1991.
2)
A: According to the table, the
1991 figure for refrigerators is
92.2 for every one hundred
households. (It means that on
the average, every household had
a little less than one
refrigerator, doesn't it?)
B: Yes, and in 1996 the table
says 102.2 refrigerators per 100
households. (It means that two
out of one hundred households
owned more than one
refrigerator.)
A: The table gives the rate of
increase as 10.8%. That's rather
high.
B: (Yes, but generally, one
family needs only one
refrigerator.) Only families
with excess money to spend will
want to have more than one.
4. Language points:
1） the rate of increase as %
以％为增长率
2） air-conditioner 空调
3） household n. 一家人，家庭
e.g. I grew up as part of a
large household. 我是在大家庭长大的。
household expenses, duties,
goods 家庭的开销、事务、用品
a household name/ word
家喻户晓的名字或名称
4） one out of ten= one in ten
十个中有一个
5. More cues for practice:
Changes in People's Diet:
food\Year 1986 1987 1988 1989
1990
Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45%
Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%
Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21%
Fruit and vegetable 24% 22% 20%
20% 21%
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Living Expenditure of a
Developed Country
Year 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000
2002
Food 24.4% 24% 23.1% 22.3% 22%
22.2%
Medical Care 2.5% 2.5% 2.7% 2.9%
3.2% 3.2%
Transportation and Communication
13.2% 10.2% 10% 10.6% 11.6%
12.8%
Clothes 7.1% 7.1% 6.2% 5.7% 5%
4.8%
Fuel, Light and Water Charges
5.1% 5.1% 5.4% 5.8% 6.2% 6.3%
II. Tips for LSP II:
Reporting a dialogue
1. Listen to the dialogue and
fill the blanks.
Questions Answers
1. Liu is absent today. What's
wrong with her? (She's ill.
She's got a bad cold.)
2. Is she running a fever? (Yes,
she had a temperature of
38.5°last night and it hasn't
come down yet.)
3. Has she been to the clinic?
(Yes, I took her to the clinic
last night.)
4. Did the doctor give her an
injection? (No, the doctor said
it wasn't serious. But he gave
her some medicine.)
5. What medicine did the doctor
prescribe? (Some Chinese herbal
medicine and some aspirin.)
6. Is Liu better today? (Yes,
she is a little better.)
A sample passage
……Fang answered that she was
ill; she has got a bad cold. Jin
wanted to know if she was
running a fever. Fang told him
she had a temperature last night
and it hadn't come down yet.
Then Jin asked if she had been
to the clinic. Fang said that
she took Lu to the clinic last
night. The doctor didn't give
her an injection as it wasn't
serious. He just gave her some
medicine. Jin asked Fang what
medicine the doctor prescribed.
Fang said the doctor gave her
some Chinese herbal medicine and
some aspirin. Fang also told Jin
that Lu was a little better now.
2. Language points
1)Is she running a fever? 她发烧了吗？
run--- (esp. in a continuous
tense) happen, arrive
e.g. The trains are running an
hour late. 火车晚点一小时。
2)Treatments in hospital
acupuncture针灸
physical therapy理疗
get vaccinated打预防针
get a shot/ an injection 打针
blood test血检
urinalysis尿检
take a temperature 量体温
listen to the chest听一下胸部
3)Chinese herbal medicine
中草药aspirin---a pain reliever阿司匹林
III. Tips for LSP III:
Reporting a telephone
conversation
1. Listen to the dialogue and
fill the blanks.
Julia: Can I speak to Dr.
Russell, please? It's urgent
Housekeeper: (I'm sorry, madam,
bur the doctor's not in. Will
you leave a message?)
Julia: Oh, dear! Oh, dear! My
eight-year-old boy has swallow a
fountain pen. When will the
doctor be in?
Housekeeper: (I'm afraid he
won't be in for two hours,
perhaps three hours.)
Julia: Three hours! What shall I
do in the meantime?
Housekeeper: (I'm afraid, madam,
you'll have to use a pencil.)
2. A sample passage
...... The housekeeper replied
that the doctor was not in. She
asked Julia if she would leave a
message. Julia was very upset
when she heard that the doctor
was not in. She said that her
eight-year-old boy had swallowed
a fountain pen. She asked the
housekeeper when the doctor
would be in. the housekeeper
said that the doctor would not
be in for two or perhaps three
hours. Julia simply could not
believe her ears. She wondered
what she should do in the
meantime. The housekeeper
advised her to use a pencil
instead.
3. Words and Expressions
swallow v. 吞下， 忍受 e.g.
Taking pills is easy; just put
them in your mouth and ~.
He swallowed all the criticism
without saying a
thing.他默默承受一切责难。
The aircraft was swallowed in
the clouds. 飞机已没入云中。
(Idiom) swallow one's words :
admit that someone said
something wrong.
swallow the bait 上钩，中圈套
in the meantime = at the same
time
2nd session
Dialogue I
I．Led-in questions and
background information:
1. Can you list some fancy
gadgets nowadays? How fancy they
are?
(mp3, computer, digital camera/
video, MD, cell phone,
electronic dictionary……)
2. How have computers changed
our life?
3. What's your attitude to the
modern inventions?
There can be a discussion about
a specific invention. Divide the
students in to two groups, one
group is for it, and the other
is against it. Try to list as
many arguments as possible.
4. computer companies and famous
computer brands：
China: STAR(实达)
ACER（宏基）LENOVO（联想）FOUNDER（方正）HASEE（神舟）TONGFANG（清华同方）HEDY（七喜）
abroad: DELL(戴尔)
IBM=International Business
Machine（国际商用机器）
HP＝Hewlett-Packard（惠普）
COMPAQ(康柏) TOSHIBA（东芝）
APPLE(苹果)
II. Listening to the dialogue.
III. Comprehension questions
1. Why does A call it the age of
electronic invention?
2. What are the two kinds of
brains mentioned in the
dialogue?
3. What does B worry about?
4. Why doesn't A agree with B?
5. How does a computer solve
problems?
6. Do you think one day we have
a computer enough to match the
human brain and human beings
cannot control computers?
V. Words and Expressions
1. fancy
adj.
That's a very fancy pair of
shoes. 那是双非常别致的鞋
fancy vegetables 精选的蔬菜
fancy ideas/prices 过分的想法、高昂的价格
v. think, imagine; express
surprise, disbelief
I fancy it's going to rain
today. 我看今天要下雨
I fancy a cup of tea. 我想来杯茶。
Fancy that! 多奇怪啊
Fancy never having seen the sea！
竟然从未见过大海
2. beyond our imagination 我们难以想象
It won't go on beyond the
midnight. 这不会持续到午夜之后
The bicycle is beyond repair.
He skill as a musician is beyond
praise.她作为一个音乐家技巧令人惊叹不已。
3. be equipped with 装有
4. let me put it this way---let
me explain it
5. 表示害怕的形容词 scared, frightened,
fearful, afraid, terrified,
6. as a matter of fact--- in
fact
7. The brain cells are
interconnected in such a
complicated way that we can't
begin to explain it as yet.
such….. that 如此……以至于……
as yet: until now/then
8. gene 基因 clone 克隆 一些科学用语都是音译
9. elaborate on --- give more
information to; describe in
detail
10. compare sth with sth
11. switch on/off 打开、关上
通常是灯、收音机等电器的开关用词
12. concern v.
be important to; affect e.g.
Don't interfere in what doesn't
concern you. 别管 与自己无关的事情。
～ oneself with/ in/ about sth
忙于，关心某事
as/so far as sb/ sth is
concerned 就某人、某事而言
what I'm concerned about----what
I'm worried about
13. be in/ out of luck = be
fortunate/ unfortunate
14. your worry is groundless:
there's no reason for you to
worry
VI. Understanding of the
dialogue:
Optimistic view
human brain: Even the most
complicated computer can't
compare in complexity with the
human brain.
As long as human beings create
computers, they will never be
the equal of a human brain.
Pessimistic view
electronic brain: Human beings
may get beaten by computers.
Computers are doing the work of
the human brain in the family,
office...
They not only work for us, they
think for us.
An advanced computer can think
like humans.
Mankind is not only creating an
electronic servant, but also a
threatening rival.
We may not be able to keep
computers under our control.
V. Conversational strategies
1. How to express ability and
inability
It is able to do the work of
human brain.
We can't begin to explain it.
It enables us to think
creatively.
He is capable of finishing the
task.
Practice with the following
cues:
two students are discussing the
sports meet next week
talking about the situation in
the Dinning Hall
Tom brings his dog to the park.
He talks about the dog with a
passenger there.
2. Discussing different points
of view 讨论不同观点
You have your point of view, and
I have mine.
You approach it in a different
way than I do.
I won't argue with you, but I
think you're being unfair.
That's a liberal point of view.
He seems to have a lot of
strange ideas.
I don't see any point in
discussing the question any
further.
What alternatives do I have?
Everyone is entitled to his own
opinion.
There are always two sides to
everything.
We have opposite views on this.
Please forgive me. I didn't mean
to start an argument.
I must know your opinion. Do you
agree with me?
What point are you trying to
make?
Our views are not so far apart,
after all.
We should be able to resolve our
differences.
Practice with the following
cues:
Do you think TV is a great
invention?
Should college students do
part-time job?
Do you think College Entrance
Examination should be abolished?
Making friends on the internet
Knowing is hard or doing is hard
Campus romance
VI. Retelling (Put the dialogue
into a short passage)
Sample outline:
1. B's worry about the rapid
development of computer
technology.
2. A's argument for the
uniqueness of the human brain.
3. B's further worry about the
computer's being a threatening
rival of the human brain.
4. A's conclusion that the human
brain will not lose to the
microchip.
VII. Oral practice
Look at the table in SB160, talk
about the fancy gadgets in it?
Using the sentence frames below.
Dialogue II
Complementary expressions
Reporting information
She announced/ said/ stated/
reported that
She told me that…
She wondered/ wanted to know/
asked/ inquired if/that
It is said/ reported/ announced/
stated that……
Words and Expressions
1. semester 半个学期
2. miss the flight 误机
3. a range of tools 各种各样的工具 a
range of mountains 山脉
the range of temperature 温差 have
a narrow/ wide range of hobbies
兴趣爱好不广、甚广
range from…to… (v.)
4. resort: popular holiday
center 度假胜地
seaside, skiing, health ~
海滨、滑雪、修养度假胜地
5. Say hi/ hello to sb. 和某人问好，
通常用在比较熟悉人之间
6.和天气相关的词语
天气炎热fine and hot
天晴fine
天色明朗bright periods
多云cloudy
热hot
清凉cool
寒冷cold
干燥dry
潮湿humid
骤雨showers
微雨light rain
有雨rainy
大雨heavy rain
暴雨torrential rain
狂风大雨squally and rainy
雷暴thunderstorm
大风windy
雾fog
The practice is based on the
information on SB P162. Try to
make dialogues. Here are some
samples
Practice 1
A: Did you watch TV last night?
B: Yes.
A: I had to go out so I missed
the weather forecast. Can you
remember what they said?
B: Yes, I think I can, though I
can't remember the details. They
said the temperature would rise,
and there would be more rain.
A: Oh, dear.
Practice 2
A: Did John reply to your
invitation?
B: Yes, he did.
A: What did he say? Can he come
to your party?
B: No, unfortunately. He said
that he had been invited to a
concert. He was very sorry, but
he wondered if he could visit me
before going to the concert, to
wish me happy birthday.
A: Well, that would be fine,
wouldn't you?
B: Yes, he asked me if I would
write to him again and tell him
if it would be all right.
Practice 3
A: I had a letter from Pan
yesterday.
B: Oh good! What did she say?
A: she said that America was
very different, but she was
enjoying it very much.
B: Does she like the people, the
food and everything else?
A: Well, she said the people
were very kind and friendly, but
the food, it would take her some
time to get used to it.
B: Doesn't she like the food?
A: No, not at all. She asked the
cook if he would cook some rice
or something Chinese and he said
he would try.
Practice 4
A: Oh, I found a note from Xu
yesterday under my door. It was
pushed under the carpet so we
didn't see it.
B: what did say?
A: She said she hoped we would
receive the note before leaving
for the cinema, and she said she
was very sorry that she couldn't
come with us.
B: Did she say why she couldn't
come?
A: Yes. She had to work overtime
in the library last night,
because her colleague was ill.
B: What else did she say?
A: she said that if we wanted a
third person to go with, we
could telephone Wei because
yesterday was his day off.
3rd session
Reading I
I．Led-in questions and
background information:
If you can own a robot, what
kind of function do you want it
has?
Do you believe one day there
will be a robot which is quite
similar to human beings?
Have you heard any story of
certain kinds of robots?
1. Read the passage and try to
answer the following questions:
1. When will robots be able to
do jobs which only human being
can do at present?
2. What's the view of the
director of UAS?
3. What is the view of Dr.
Sandra Lomax?
4. Whose view do you support?
5. What is the main idea of the
passage?
6. Analyze the grammatical
structure of sentence 1.
7. What does "home-help" mean?
8. Why do some experts believe
we have a long way to go?
9. What does "it" refer to in
line 5 from the bottom?
2. Words and Expressions
1. on their own 独自
2. so intelligent that/do such
things as cook eggs/such as
其中so, such 的用法
so + adj. + a/an + n. e.g. so
beautiful a flower
such + a/ an + adj.+ n. e.g.
such a beautiful flower
3. the equivalent of the latest
IBM microcomputer 是最新IBM微型电脑的等同品
4. By this time... will have
begun
By then price may have come down
to as little as ...
出现by+时间段 句子中要用完成时
5. It is likely.../ They are
likely ＋ to do/that 可能
likely: It is likely that he
will arrive a bit late/He is
likely toarrive a bit late.
cf. possible/probable
6. artificial intelligence (AI),
the use of computers to model
the behavioral aspects of human
reasoning and learning. Research
in AI is concentrated in some
half-dozen areas. In problem
solving, one must proceed from a
beginning (the initial state) to
the end (the goal state) via a
limited number of steps; AI here
involves an attempt to model the
reasoning process in solving a
problem, such as the proof of a
theorem in Euclidean geometry .
人工智能（AI）是一门极富挑战性的科学，从事这项工作的人必须懂得计算机知识，心理学和哲学。人工智能是包括十分广泛的科学，它由不同的领域组成，如机器学习，计算机视觉等等，总的说来，人工智能的目的就是让计算机这台机器能够象人一样思考。
7. have a long way to go
还有很长的路要走
cf. go a long way: Well-chosen
wallpaper will go a long way
towardmaking a room look
attractive.
8. need programming
need + doing = need be done 被动
e.g. This bike needs repairing
9. learn from experience 从经验中学习
10. MIT--- Massachusetts
Institute of Technology 麻省理工学院
The mission of MIT is to advance
knowledge and educate students
in science, technology, and
other areas of scholarship that
will best serve the nation and
the world in the 21st century.
11. Ivy League
Universities常青藤大学联盟（美国几所著名的大学）
Brown University
Columbia University
Cornell University
Dartmouth College
Harvard University
University of Pennsylvania
Princeton University
Yale University
Reading II
I．Led-in questions and
background information:
What things in you family are
controlled by computer?
Do a survey---how many students
own a PC? Do they have some
expectations of computers?
1. Words and Expressions
1) -ology: a science of
futurology未来学 biology 生物学geology
地质学psychology心理学
anthropology 人类学ecology
生态学archaeology 地质学
2) multi-national company 跨国公司
3) key to sth. 某事的关键
4) hi-fi --- a set of equipment
on which records and tapes are
played and which produces stereo
sound（立体声）of very good quality.
High fidelity 高保真
5) central heating 中央取暖设备
6) break in 破门而入
7) satellite dish 卫星接受器
2. Answer the following
comprehensive questions orally.
What is it that people want in
their house on the future? Why
do they want it?
What are the things that an
intelligent home computer can
do? Give specific examples.
What does computing power mean?
3. Let the students raise
questions according to the
passages
4th session
Exercises in workbook
Unit 15
本单元教学特色:
1).
通过对语法和结构的分析，加上实际的句型练习，增强学生口语的同时，提高学生的语法知识。
2).
通过网上图片和动画，导入所学内容，增加学生兴趣，使学生易于接受。
本单元教学重点：
1) LSP:
the adverbial clauses introduced
by where , unless ,because
,since and though,
（where
, unless ,because ,since和though
引导的地点，条件,
原因和让步状语从句）
2) Dialogue I& II: some
conversational strategies in
talking about saving pandas and
expressing explanations
（谈论保护大熊猫和解释原因等会话技巧）
3) Reading I& II: to know
something about the
communication in London, such as
the Tube and London buses.(了解伦敦的交通工具如地铁和公汽)
1. 教学目的 (Teaching Aims)：
1) To know some functions about
adverbial clauses
2) To be familiar with some
conversational strategies in
talking about saving pandas and
expressing explanations
3) To arouse the students'
awareness of the protection of
ecosystem.
4) To know more about the
London--- its communication.
5) To grasp some new words and
expressions to enrich student's
vocabulary.
6) Do some oral work such as
pre-reading questions, role play
and interaction activities to
help to develop the students'
oral communicative abilities.
7) Do some other after-class
exercises including listening
and translation to improve
students' comprehensive skills.
2. 教学内容 (Teaching Contents)：
1) Language structures
2) Language structure practice
3) Dialogue I & Dialogue II
4) Text I &Text II
5) Exercises
3. 时间分配 (Time Allocation)：
1) Language structures &
Practice ( 1 hour )
2) Dialogue I & Dialogue II ( 2
hours )
3) Text I &Text II ( 2 hours )
4) Exercises ( 1 hour )
1st session
Language Structures
1. Watching flash
http://www.4english.cn/grammar/FW_fczj.htm
2. Learning more knowledge about
adverbial clause
1) The adverbial clause of place
introduced by where
Corn flourishes best where the
ground rich
谷物在肥沃的地方生长的好
Put in articles where necessary
in the following
请在下列段落中的需要处填入词
Where there is will, there is
way.
有志者事竟成.
2) The adverbial clause of
condition introduced by unless
由于unless引导的条件状语从句既可以是真实条件句,也可以是非真实条件句.
作为真实条件分句unless 相当于 if … not ,
这也是本单元讨论的语法点
Unless you oil the motor
regularly (= if you do not oil
the motor regularly), it won't
run smoothly.
We won't be able to reach the
top of the mountain unless the
weather changes (= if the
weather doesn't change)
You won't get a good mark unless
you don't do your homework.
在这里unless 显然不能用if…not 因为不可以说
*… if you don't not do your
homework
3) The adverbial clause of cause
introduced by because, since
Lanny was worried because he
hadn't had any letter from Kurt.
Since we've no money , we can't
buy it
because, since, as
都可以用来引导表由于原因的状语从句,其中because语气最强,as
语气最弱.
because 用以回答why , 可表示已知或未知事实,
because- 分句前可用否定词或其它修饰词.
I went to the state university
chiefly because the tuition was
cheaper.
You shouldn't get angry just
because some people speak ill of
you
Because引导从句还可用于强调结构
It was because that I wanted to
see my uncle that I went to town
yesterday
Because引导的从句通常放在主句之后,
只有强调时才置于主句之前
Because they make more money
than I do, they think they're so
superior.
since
语气较弱，常表示对方已知道的事实，其前不可用强调句式或否定词
since相当于汉语中的"既然"
Since you are going, I' ll
go，too.
I'll have to ask someone else,
since you can't answer this
question.
4) Adverbial clause of
concession introduced by though
Jaures is an honest man; even
though I have opposed him
让步状语从句同样也可以由though, although
二者在一般情况下可互换
He didn't light the fire
though/although it was cold.
although比though的语气更强烈,
though可以接受even强调,而although 则不可以.
当让步分句指一种臆想的情况时通常用though而不用although
Though the entire world against
me, I should still hold my
opinion.
Though everybody deserts you, I
will not.
引导某些倒装让步分句也只能用though,
而不用although
Difficult though the task was,
they managed to complete it in
time.
Clever though he was, he failed
the exam.
Language Structure Practice
Ⅰ. Tips for LSP I:
1. Description of LSP I
Offering to do something
Declining somebody's offer
Directing somebody not to do
something, specifying a definite
location
2. Listening to the recording
and fill in the gaps of the
given examples
3. Language points for LSPⅠ
1) chest of drawers: 衣柜，五斗橱
2) in the way : causing
inconvenience or an
obstruction带来不便或阻碍
eg. I'm afraid your car is in
the way.
看来你的车挡着道了。
in people' way：挡了大家的路
4. Variations based on the given
cues
Samples:
A: Is it all right to put the
washing-machine in that corner?
B: I'm afraid not.
A: Then where shall I put it?
B: You'd better put it where
there is a drain-pipe
Ⅱ. Tips of LSPⅡ
1. Description of LSPⅡ
Inquiring about the possible
outcome of an event
Predicting the possible outcome
of an event under a given
condition
2. Listening to the recording
and fill in the gaps of the
given examples
3. Language points for LSPⅡ
1) brochure : booklet or
pamphlet contains about
something or advertising
(作介绍或宣传用的)小册子
eg. a travel/holiday brochure
旅游[度假]指南
4. Variations based on the given
cues
Samples:
A: Who do you think will win the
race this time?
B: John will if he trains hard.
A: Do you think he'll win the
race if he doesn't train hard?
B: No, not unless he trains
hard.
Ⅲ. Tips of LSPⅢ
1. Description of LSPⅢ
Inquiring about the reason why
somebody is doing something
Advising somebody not to do
something because of a certain
reason
2. Listening to the recording
and fill in the gaps of the
given examples
3. Language points for LSPⅢ
1) come over
① come over (to)=come around to:
move from one(usual distant)
place to another
（通常为远处）来到另一地
e.g. Why don't you come over to
London for a holiday?
你怎么不到英国来度假呢？
② come over sb: 刺激或影响某人
e.g. A fit of dizziness came
over to her.
她感到一阵头晕。
I can't think what came over me.
我不知道我是怎么了。
③ come over(to sth): 改变立场或意见等
e.g. She will never come over to
our side.
她决不会站我们这边来
4. Variations based on the given
cues
Samples:
A: Why do you think Bill is
watering the flowers? Today of
all days!
B: Because he hasn't watered
them for sometime, I suppose.
A: But he needn't water them
since it's going to rain soon.
B: I agree. I'll tell him that.
Ⅳ. Tips of LSPⅣ
1. Description of LSPⅣ
Expressing surprising and
concession
2. Listening to the recording
and fill in the gaps of the
given examples
3. Language points for LSPⅣ
1) calligraphy[n.]: 书法
中国的书法包括篆书(seal character),
隶书(official script), 楷书(regular
script), 行书(running
script)和草书(cursive script)
2) deserve: 值得，应得，应受(奖赏或特殊待遇等)
(idm 习语) ①deserve well / ill of
sb. 应当受到某人好的/ 坏的待遇
She deserves well of her
employers.
她应当受到雇主的善待。
② one good turn deserves another
要以德报德
4. Variations based on the given
cues
Samples:
A: Have you heard that Mary has
won the first prize of maths
contest?
B: Really? I can't believe it.
A: She was not bright enough to
win the first prize.
B: She worked very hard even
though she was not bright. It's
really no surprise that she has
won the prize.
2nd Session
Dialogues
Dialogue I Save Our Pandas
1. Discussion
1) Ask students what their
favourite animals are?
2) Students describe the pandas
in the zoo.
2. Listening to the dialogue.
*Audio. The tape*
3. Broad questions
1) What crisis are the giant
pandas facing?
2) What happens when the arrow
bamboo flowers? Is there no hope
of having new bamboo grow again?
3) What measures are taken to
protect the giant pandas?
4) Do you think the giant pandas
should be protected? Why / why
not?
4. Conversational strategies in
talking about a crisis:
Initiating a topic and asking
for general impression (引起话题)：
A：The giant pandas in Sichuan
province are facing a crisis.
Have you read the news about it?
B: Of course I have. The
newspaper and magazines have
carried quite a few articles on
the food crisis of pandas.
Practice with the following
cues:
1) Talking about the water
crisis in some areas of China.
2) Talking about the gasoline
crisis on recent day's
newspaper.
5. Language points.
1) keep track of : keep oneself
informed about 跟踪，追踪
e.g. A: Why do you spend such a
long reading the newspaper?
B: I want to keep track of
events.
2） all the materials available :
all the materials that we can
get
3) at 3,000 metres above sea
level : 海拔3000公尺
4) one paper : one newspaper
5) What a shame! : what a pity!
How unfortunate!
e.g. A: What has happened to
Dora? She looks so unhappy!
B: Her relatives laughed at her
old-fashioned dress at the
party.
A: What a shame! They must be
very snobbish.
6) take emergency measures :
采取紧急措施
7） relocate : (formal) move to a
different place 将某人（某物）迁往别处
8) institute: set up, establish.
9) run across : meet or find sth
/sb by chance 偶然遇见某人或发现某物
e.g. A: Why are you so excited ?
B: I've run across some useful
reference books.
A: Then your paper will be very
informative.
更多扩展：run after sb--- 追赶/追求某人
run at sb --- 向某人冲去
run for it --- 逃跑
run off with sb --- 与某人私奔
run away from sth ---
因羞怯或缺乏信心等而极力回避某事物；逃避
run away with sth --- 偷走某物/ 用尽某物
Dialogue II Explanations
1. Sentences pattern for
expressing the explanations
1) How to express a reason or
cause for doing something.
John decided to give up smoking
In order to save money.
So that he would live longer.
Because
seeing that
now that his wife hated it so
much.
he had started to cough.
2) How to express concession
Although John looked healthy The
doctor said he was very ill.
Even though
Though
In spite of The fact that he
looked healthy The doctor said
he wasn't
Despite
In spite of His healthy
appearance
The doctor said he was very ill
Despite
2. Discussion:
There are many ways for modern
people keeping fit: doing
exercises in the morning,
swimming, eating more vegetables
and so on. What's your opinion?
Which way you would choose for
keeping fit?
3. Language points:
1) think up --- 想出，发明，虚构
更多扩展：think out--- 仔细思考某事， 想出注意等
think over--- 慎重思考某事
think through--- 全面的考虑问题等
think- tank ---
（国家的或商业的）智囊团，专家小组
2） it is adj for sb to do sth:
e.g.: It's healthier to eat less
for me. 对我来说吃少一点会比较健康
It's difficult for me to finish
this task. 对我来说完成这项任务太难了
3） jog to work--- 慢跑，散步
Jogger--- 慢跑的人
Jog someone's memory--- 唤起某人记起某事
4）I pulled a muscle in my leg---
I did harm to a muscle….by using
it too much.
5）will power --- 意志力
4. Complete the following
blanks:
1) A: Xiao Ying, you are late
again, this is third time this
term. What happened to you this
morning?
B: (I'm sorry I'm late, but I
was in the language- lab,
listening to English tapes so
that I can get as much practice
as possible).
A: But why, you're doing well in
class?
B: (I have to practise because
I'm not good enough.)
A: Not good enough?
B: (As I'm representing my class
in a listening competition, I
have to do extra work. I've got
to practise in order to do
well.)
2) A: Why are there so many
firecrackers going on today?
B: (That's because lots of
people are getting married on
this lucky day.) Firecrackers
frighten away evil spirits and
bring good luck.
5. Situation practice:
Work with a partner and take it
in turns to practise the
following situations:
i. You are late arriving at your
English class, this is the third
time this term that you have
been more than ten minutes late.
Your teacher asks for an
explanation. You give her an
explanation. (traffic jam…...)
ii. It is Sunday, Jan 1, and
firecrackers can be heard
everywhere, explain to your
English friend why this is so.
iii. Yang tells her American
friends Sally that she finds it
easy to read American women's
handwriting, but difficult to
read American men's handwriting.
She asks Sally why this is so.
Sally tries to explain.
6. Exercise:
Let student do the exercise on
workbook.
3rd session
Readings
Reading Ⅰ Stuck in the Tube
1. Lead-in questions
1) Have you ever been delayed by
any traffic accident? If you
have, tell the class about your
experience, especially your mood
at that time.
2) Do you know which cities have
Tubes in China?
3) Have you ever taken the Tube
to somewhere, and was there
anything bad that happened in
the Tube?
2. Go over the text in 5 minutes
and answer the questions on
specific details of this text:
1) What did the author
experience one day? ( He got
stuck in the Tube)
2) What were most passengers
going to do at 9:00 a.m.? (They
were going to work)
3) Why did the passengers look
fed up, worried or annoyed?
(Because it had become clear
that unless the train moved
again immediately they were
going to be late for work;
besides, the train was getting
hot and stuffy.)
4) What was the trouble with the
Tube? (The power supply had
failed )
5) Did the passengers and the
London Underground management
look at the incident in the same
way? (No, to anxious people who
are stuck in the Tube, it
doesn't really matter what it is
that has broken down. On the
contrary, the management cares
about it very much)
3. Language Points for Reading I
1) instead of : 代替， 不‥
e.g. I will go there instead of
you. 我将替你去那儿。
Let's go to play football
instead of watching TV.
咱们不看电视去踢足球吧。
2) speed up: 加速→slow down
3) came to a standstill: stopped
completely.
come to: 表示"进入某种状态"， 如come to a
climax/ conclusion/ decision/
stop
4) look/ be fed up : 感到厌烦的
e.g. I'm fed up with his
complaints. 我听够了他的怨言。
5) be late for class/ school/
work
6) to put it right: 短语put
something right在此处意为"修理好"
e.g. I'll put the recorder right
for you. 我会帮你把录音机修好的。
7) All hope of getting to work
on time had long since gone. It
had already been beyond hope to
get to work on schedule.
过去分词gone表示"离去的， 过去的，无望的"等。如：
Past and gone (一去不复返的) a gone
case（不可挽救的事）
8) We had no means of
knowing.此句中means意为"方式，
方法，手段"单复数同形。
e.g. There is no doubt that
radio and television are
important means of
communication.毫无疑问无线广播和电视已经成为重要的交流方式。
The cheapest means of travel is
by boat. 最便宜的旅行方式是乘船。
9) to give him the sack: to
dismiss him. Sack can also be
used as a verb,
e.g. One of the workmen was
sacked for drunkenness.
一个工人因酗酒被解雇
10)to make up for something:
弥补，补偿
e.g. Nothing can make up for
what they have suffered.
什么也不能补偿他们所受的痛苦。
He would like to do anything to
make up for the mistakes he had
made.他愿意做一切事情来弥补他所犯的错误。
4. Comments on the text
The following is a chart of
description of time, train,
people's feelings and behavior.
Fill in this chart and you will
have a better understanding of
the text and a better
appreciation of the writing
skills.
time train Passengers' thoughts
People's behavior
9:oo a.m.
(the middle of the rush -hour)
Slow down
↓
Came to a standstill
Began to look fed up A pale
woman (told the story of her
life to her neighbor)
a pretty girl (gave her
boyfriend sweets one after
another)
a young woman (took a scarf out
of her suitcase and make her
baby a nest)
a railway man (came to comfort
the passengers) author (borrowed
the neighbor's newspaper and
lent him his. )
5 minutes later Completely
stopped
20 minutes later(like twenty
hours)
Getting hot and stuffy
Worried or annoyed
Half an hour passed (more like
half a day)
Still stopped in the tunnel
Speculations: what's wrong with
the train? A crash? Opened the
windows and the doors
Worried about the consequence
an man: be sacked,
An old woman: missed the chance
to send the present to her
daughter)
When the author had finished
reading the newspaper and
listening to what others were
saying Began to move
↓
went quickly Wonder if they were
going to stay here for the rest
of the day, or spend the rest of
their lives. Cheered up and
continued to talk excitedly
Got off the train
Reading Ⅱ London Buses
1. Read the text first and
answer the following
comprehensive questions.
1) What sorts of buses are most
of London's buses? (Most of
London's buses are the world-
famous red-deckers but there are
also "Red Arrow" buses for
commuters and shoppers.)
2) What are the things that you
should pay attention to after
you get on the bus in London?
(You must be sure to have the
correct fare already and keep
the ticket until you get off )
3) In which part of the bus can
one smoke? (On the upper deck of
the double-deck buses but
standing is not allowed there.)
4) Where can you get the
information if you don't know
the bus routes? (At the bus stop
or from the people in the queue)
5) What must you do when waiting
for the bus? (To queue up)
2.Language points for reading Ⅱ
1) for safety' s sake: =for the
sake of the safety, 意为because of
(为了…的缘故)
e.g. I stopped smoking for the
sake of my health. 为了我的健康我戒烟了。
此短语还有"为了…好处；为…着想"
e.g. Your sister is trying to
read; please be quite for her
sake. 你妹妹在看书，为了她请安静点。
2) 比较fare, fee, price, charge,
cost: 均含有"价钱"的意思，
fare专指"乘公共汽车，火车，计程车的车费"
e.g. She didn't have enough
money for the bus fare.
她的钱不够付车费。
fee专指"对于律师，医生和其他从事智力职业者的报酬"或"用作学费，入会费等"，
e.g. a training fee培训费
price主要指"商品出售时由卖主定的价格"，用于引申意义指"代价，牺牲"
e.g. The country paid a heavy
price for her independence.
该国为独立付出了沉重的代价
charge
意为"索价，要价，尤指服务费，诊断费，汇费，运费，手续费等"
e.g. What is the charge per word
for an ordinary telegram?
一份普通的电报每个字多少钱？
cost含"价值若干，花费多少"的意思，指"货物，服务的代价"，或"其他任何所付出的事物，
如精力等"
e.g. We must reduce the
production cost. 我们必须降低生产成本。
3. Comments on the text
This passage tells us something
about London buses.
Para1: It gives a general
introduction about London buses
(the types and features, the way
people pay money)
Para2: It tells us how people
pay for the travel, and
something you have to pay
attention to when getting on the
buses. (Fare, ticket and smoking
area)
Para3: It tells us how to get
information about the bus route.
(At the bus stops, from the
people in the queue or the
conductor)
4th session
Ⅰ.Guided Writing
Students do the exercise on the
Students' book.
Ⅱ. Workbook:
Students do the exercise on the
Workbook.
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